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PRD-025 · Forward-roadmap content update — what's planned through ~2035

Status · Draft (prep for v0.8) Date · 2026-06-09 Owner · Marko Closes into · GH epic TBD (v0.8 content track) + 4 program-family slice PRs Builds on · PRD-004 (Mission Library) · PRD-012 (Spaceflight Fleet) · docs/research/forward-roadmap-2026-06-09.md

Why this is a PRD. The day NASA announces the Artemis III crew (2026-06-09), orrery's static/data/missions/ and static/data/fleet/ contain only 5 forward-looking missions and 5 forward-looking fleet entries. Meanwhile, the architecture has reset hard since mid-2025: Gateway cancelled, Artemis III demoted to a LEO HLS-rendezvous demo, Mars Sample Return cancelled, VIPER revived on Blue Moon Mk1, China's crewed lunar program is hardware-validated for a 2030 landing, Tianwen-2 reaches Kamoʻoalewa today, and India / UAE / Korea / Brazil are all standing up flagship programs. Orrery's "what's planned next" surface is several quarters behind the world. This PRD locks the curated content additions for v0.8 so the implementation slices can start cleanly.

What

24 forward-looking missions + ~37 fleet entries + ~6 updates to existing entries, landing across 4 program-family PRs in v0.8. Curated for big future programs · novel approaches · welcoming newcomers rather than full enumeration. Source-of-truth research backlog lives in docs/research/forward-roadmap-2026-06-09.md (compiled from 5 parallel agency-scope research passes on 2026-06-09).

Out of the ~100 candidate entries in the research doc, the cut to 24 missions + 37 fleet is the minimum that:

  • represents every major space-faring program (NASA, US commercial, CNSA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, ISRO, UAE, KARI, AEB) with at least one flagship forward-looking entry,
  • shows the architectural pivots (Gateway → surface base; Artemis III demoted; MSR cancelled; ROSS phasing; ILRS multinational expansion),
  • foregrounds novel approaches (nuclear-electric SR-1 Freedom, Titan rotorcraft Dragonfly, Toyota/JAXA pressurised Lunar Cruiser, ISRU on Chang'e-8, asteroid-belt tour on MBR Explorer, Comet Interceptor's pristine-target ambush),
  • welcomes newcomers (India private launch via Skyroot Vikram-1, Brazil's first orbital VLM-1, UAE asteroid belt + Rashid Rover 2, Korea's KSLV-III + lunar program, first Hong Kong + Pakistani astronauts on Tiangong, Vast's first independent commercial station).

The audit

Forward-looking entries already in data (2026-06-09)

CategoryidStatusNotes
Missionartemis3PLANNEDNeeds update: demoted to LEO HLS-rendezvous demo per Feb-2026 architecture reset
Missionblue-moon-mk1PLANNEDStands; VIPER reassigned here Sep-2025
MissionmmxPLANNEDStands; Nov–Dec 2026 launch window
Missionstarship-demoPLANNEDStands
Missionstarship-mars-crewPLANNEDStands
Fleet (suit)axemuPLANNEDStands; HLS surface EVA
Fleet (crewed)gaganyaanPLANNEDStands; H1 crewed Q1 2027
Fleet (cargo)htv-xPLANNEDNow operational since Oct 2025 — needs status bump to ACTIVE
Fleet (suit)sokol-mPLANNEDStands
Fleet (rover)exomars-rosalind-franklinPLANNED2028-10-01

Architectural-reset updates needed on existing entries

EntryCurrentAfter v0.8
missions/moon/artemis3crewed lunar landingLEO HLS-rendezvous demo, no landing; crew announced 2026-06-09
fleet/station/tiangong3-module T-shapeadd timeline events for 4th-module expansion (2027), 5th + 6th modules (by 2030), 6-cabin final config
fleet/launcher/starshipsingle Active entrycross-link to new starship-hls variant entry
fleet/launcher/new-glennActivenote May 28 2026 LC-36 static-fire loss; RTF TBD
fleet/cargo-spacecraft/htv-xPLANNEDbump to ACTIVE (HTV-X1 flew Oct 2025)
Mars Sample Return mission (if present)active programmark CANCELLED Jan 2026
Lunar Gateway HALO / I-Hab fleet entries (if present)plannedmark redirected / cancelled pending June 2026 ESA Council

grep -rn 'mars-sample-return\|halo-gateway\|lunar-i-hab\|gateway-halo' static/data/ during slice 1 confirms which of these exist.

Curated content additions

Missions (24)

Big future programs (8)

idnameagencybody / orbittarget datenotes
artemis4Artemis IVNASAMoon (south pole)early 2028First crewed landing of program post-reset; HLS provider TBD (Starship or Blue Moon Mk2)
artemis5Artemis VNASAMoon (south pole)NET late 2028Inaugural crewed flight of Blue Moon Mk2; annual cadence target from here
lunar-surface-base-buildupNASA Lunar Surface Base buildupNASAMoon2029–2036 (program window)$20B permanent outpost replacing Gateway; multi-mission program with Artemis VI / VII / VIII surface assembly
cnsa-crewed-lunar-2030China Crewed Lunar Landing (Project 921)CNSA / CMSAMoonby 2030CZ-10 + Mengzhou + Lanyue + Wangyu + Tansuo; first crewed Chinese landing
ilrs-basic-stationILRS Basic StationCNSA-led multinational (RU + UAE + PK + VE + ZA + NI + APSCO + AUASS + 40 institutions)Moon (south pole)ops 2035+Phase-1 robotic basic station; phase-2 modular expansion 2036–2045
tiangong-expansion-programTiangong 6-cabin expansionCNSA / CMSALEO2027–20304th (multifunctional node), 5th, 6th modules; 198 t final config
bharatiya-antariksh-stationBharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS-01)ISROLEO 400–450 kmfirst module 20285-module station by 2035 on LVM3 + NGLV
ross-deploymentRussian Orbital Service Station (ROSS)RoscosmosLEO 96.8°NEM 2029 → UUM 2030 → Airlock 2031 → Phase 2 to 2035Modular Russian successor to ISS segment; ISS-attached → detach ~2030

Novel / new approaches (8)

idnameagencytargetdatenotes
sr1-freedomSpace Reactor 1 FreedomNASAMarsDec 2028Nuclear-electric demo + 3 SkyFall helicopters; reuses former Gateway PPE bus + closed-Brayton HALEU reactor
tianwen-3Tianwen-3 (Mars sample return)CNSAMarslaunch late 2028, return 2031≥500 g sample target; two CZ-5 launches; orbiter + lander + ascent vehicle + return capsule
tianwen-4Tianwen-4 (Jupiter/Callisto + Uranus piggyback)CNSAJupiter, Uranuslaunch Sep 2029, Jupiter Dec 2035, Uranus 2045Venus + 2× Earth gravity assists
change-8Chang'e-8CNSAMoon (south pole)2028 (2029 fallback)ISRU demos: 3D-printed lunar brick + mini-ecosystem + multitask robot; ILRS precursor
chandrayaan-4Chandrayaan-4 (lunar sample return)ISROMoonOct 2027Orbit-assembly architecture: 5 components, 2 LVM-3 launches, ~3 kg sample target
dragonflyDragonfly (Titan rotorcraft)NASATitanlaunch 5–25 Jul 2028Falcon Heavy; nuclear-powered atmospheric explorer rover; in integration at APL
lunar-cruiser-deploymentLunar Cruiser deploymentJAXA / Toyota / NASAMoondelivery ~2031, ops ~2032Japan's Artemis contribution; pressurised crewed rover
comet-interceptorComet InterceptorESA / JAXAcomet / ISO at L2launch 2029 (co-passenger w/ Ariel)Park at L2 awaiting fresh long-period comet or interstellar visitor

Newcomers (8)

idnameagencybody / orbitdatenotes
mbr-explorerMBR Explorer (Emirates Mission to Asteroid Belt)UAE Space Agency6 main-belt asteroids + 269 Justitialaunch Mar 2028H3 from Tanegashima; Justitia rendezvous + lander 2034
rashid-rover-2Rashid Rover 2MBRSCMoon (far side)2026 (with Firefly Blue Ghost 2)UAE's return to Moon after Rashid-1 loss on ispace M1; dev complete Nov 2025
korean-lunar-landerKorean Lunar LanderKARIMoon2032 (on KSLV-III)Phase 2 of Korean Lunar Exploration Program; 20 kg rover
skyroot-vikram-1-maidenSkyroot Vikram-1 maiden flightSkyroot (private India)LEO~June 2026First orbital launcher from Indian private company
vlm-1-maidenVLM-1 maiden flightAEB / DLRLEO 50–150 kg2026Brazil's first orbital launcher from Alcântara
shenzhou-23Shenzhou-23CNSA / CMSA + HKLEO Tiangonglaunched 24 May 2026First Hong Kong astronaut on Tiangong; yearlong stay for one crew member baselined
shenzhou-24Shenzhou-24CNSA / CMSA + SUPARCOLEO TiangongOct 2026First Pakistani astronaut on Tiangong
vast-haven-1-stationVast Haven-1 commercial stationVastLEOlaunch NET Q1 2027First independent commercial space station; Falcon 9 + Crew Dragon access

Fleet entries (~37)

New surface-base category — 3 entries

Off-Earth permanent or semi-permanent infrastructure (lunar / Mars surface bases, surface power plants, multinational outposts). Distinct from station (orbital/LEO).

idnameagencylocationnotes
nasa-lunar-surface-baseNASA Lunar Surface BaseNASAMoon (south pole)Replaces Gateway as Artemis flagship; $20B program 2029–2036
lunar-reactor-1Lunar Reactor 1 (LR-1)NASA / DOEMoon (south pole)Surface fission power, ~2030; supports surface-base buildout
ilrs-basic-station-assetILRS Basic StationCNSA-led multinationalMoon (south pole)Robotic-precursor base, ops 2035+

Launchers (8 new + 1 variant)

idnameagencystatusnotes
sls-block-1bSLS Block 1BNASADEVELOPMENTAdds Exploration Upper Stage; Artemis IV+
starship-hlsStarship HLSSpaceXDEVELOPMENTLunar HLS variant — separate entry per SLS pattern; orbital refueling architecture
long-march-10Long March 10 / 10ACALT / CNSADEVELOPMENTBackbone of crewed lunar program; feb-2026 first-stage splashdown demo
long-march-9Long March 9CALT / CNSADEVELOPMENTSuper-heavy 150 t LEO; maiden ~2030–2033; ILRS cargo
ngLV-sooryaNGLV "Soorya"ISRODEVELOPMENT30 t LEO expendable / 20–23 t reusable; first stage reusable; ₹8,240 cr approved Sept 2024; BAS modules 2–5
kslv-iiiKSLV-IIIKARI / HanwhaDEVELOPMENTReusable medium; maiden 2030; lunar lander delivery 2032
vikram-1Vikram-1Skyroot (private India)DEVELOPMENTFirst private Indian orbital launcher; maiden ~June 2026
vlm-1VLM-1AEB / DLR (Brazil)DEVELOPMENTFirst Brazilian orbital launcher; 50–150 kg LEO from Alcântara
angara-a5Angara A5 familyRoscosmosACTIVE (low cadence)Includes A5 (Active), A5M uprated (2027–2028 development), A5P crew-rated for Orel (2028–2029)

Crewed spacecraft (2)

idnameagencystatusnotes
mengzhouMengzhou (NGCS)CAST / CNSADEVELOPMENTNext-gen Chinese crewed spacecraft; dual-use LEO + lunar variants; first orbital late 2026
orelOrel (PTK NP)RKK Energia / RoscosmosDEVELOPMENTRussia's next-gen crewed spacecraft; uncrewed test March 2028 target

Landers (7)

idnameagencytargetstatusnotes
blue-moon-mk2Blue Moon Mk2Blue OriginMoon (south pole)DEVELOPMENTCrewed lunar lander for Artemis V; full crew-cabin mockup at JSC late 2025
lanyueLanyueCMSA / CNSAMoonDEVELOPMENTChinese crewed lunar lander; integrated landing/ascent test article validated Aug 2025 (Huailai)
change-8-landerChang'e-8 landerCNSAMoon (south pole)DEVELOPMENTCarries 3D-print + mini-ecosystem + multitask robot payloads
chandrayaan-4-architectureChandrayaan-4 sample-return architectureISROMoonDEVELOPMENT5-component vehicle: propulsion + descender + ascender + transfer + re-entry modules (single entry per "fold architectures into one" decision)
tianwen-3-architectureTianwen-3 sample-return architectureCNSAMarsDEVELOPMENTOrbiter + lander + ascent vehicle + return capsule (single entry)
korean-lunar-lander-assetKorean Lunar LanderKARIMoonPROPOSEDPhase 2 of Korean Lunar Exploration Program; 2032
blue-ghost-2Blue Ghost Mission 2FireflyMoon (far side)DEVELOPMENTCLPS carrier; delivers Rashid Rover 2 + Lunar Pathfinder

Rovers (4)

idnameagencytargetstatusnotes
tansuoTansuo crewed lunar roverCMSA / CNSAMoonDEVELOPMENTPressurised vehicle for crewed lunar program
lunar-cruiserLunar CruiserJAXA / Toyota / NASAMoonDEVELOPMENTPressurised crewed rover, ~2031 delivery; Japan's marquee Artemis contribution
dragonfly-rotorcraftDragonflyNASA / APLTitanDEVELOPMENTNuclear-powered rotorcraft "rover" — novel form factor; 2028 launch
rashid-rover-2-assetRashid Rover 2MBRSCMoon (far side)DEVELOPMENT (dev complete Nov 2025)UAE second-attempt lunar rover after Rashid-1 loss

Orbiters (4)

idnameagencytargetstatusnotes
sr1-freedom-assetSR-1 FreedomNASAMarsDEVELOPMENTNuclear-electric (closed-Brayton HALEU) propulsion demo; reuses Gateway PPE bus; carries 3 SkyFall helicopters
tianwen-4-assetTianwen-4 spacecraftCNSAJupiter / UranusDEVELOPMENTMain + Uranus piggyback probe
comet-interceptor-assetComet InterceptorESA / JAXAcomet / ISO at L2DEVELOPMENTMain probe + 2 sub-probes
mbr-explorer-assetMBR ExplorerUAE Space Agency6 asteroids + JustitiaDEVELOPMENTH3 from Tanegashima

Observatory (1)

idnameagencytargetstatusnotes
xuntianXuntian (China Space Station Telescope)NAOC / CMSALEO co-orbit TiangongDEVELOPMENT2 m mirror, 2.5 Gpx; dockable for servicing; launch 2027

Stations (3)

idnameagencyorbitstatusnotes
haven-1Haven-1VastLEODEVELOPMENTFirst independent commercial space station; ~14–30 day crew visits via Crew Dragon
bas-01Bharatiya Antariksh Station BAS-01ISROLEO 400–450 kmDEVELOPMENTFirst Indian space station; module 1 in 2028 on LVM3
rossRussian Orbital Service Station (ROSS)RoscosmosLEO 96.8°DEVELOPMENTNEM 2029 + UUM 2030 + Airlock 2031 + Phase 2 modules to 2035

Suit (1)

idnameagencystatusnotes
wangyuWangyu EVA suitCMSA / CNSADEVELOPMENTCrewed lunar EVA suit for Project 921

Launch sites (3)

idnameagencystatusnotes
vostochny-1aVostochny LC-1ARoscosmosACTIVEAngara A5 / A5P pad for ROSS + Orel
naro-space-centerNaro Space CenterKARIACTIVEKorean KSLV-III lunar launches
alcantaraAlcântara Space CenterAEBACTIVEBrazilian VLM-1 from equatorial site

New surface-base category — schema sketch

Mirrors station shape but typed for off-Earth surface infrastructure. Slice 1 wires the category through schema + fleet category filter UI + i18n labels.

json
{
  "id": "nasa-lunar-surface-base",
  "name": "NASA Lunar Surface Base",
  "category": "surface-base",
  "agency": "NASA",
  "country": "USA",
  "manufacturer": "TBD (multi-vendor)",
  "first_flight": null,
  "status": "DEVELOPMENT",
  "era": "2011-now",
  "epoch": "commercial-era",
  "best_known_for": "Permanent crewed outpost replacing Gateway; first NASA off-Earth surface base since Apollo",
  "credit": "Forward-looking entry for PRD-025. Schedule: 2029–2036 buildup, $20B program. Surface elements include habitat modules, fission power (LR-1), pressurized rover (Lunar Cruiser via JAXA), surface comms.",
  "links": [
    { "l": "...", "u": "...", "t": "intro" }
  ],
  "linked_missions": ["artemis5", "artemis6", "lunar-surface-base-buildup"],
  "linked_sites": [
    { "type": "moon-region", "site_id": "south-pole" }
  ]
}

Key schema-touch points:

  • static/data/schemas/fleet-entry.schema.json — add surface-base to category enum
  • static/data/fleet/index.json — append surface-base entries
  • src/lib/fleet/ filter chips + category labels — surface in chip row alongside station / launcher / lander / rover / suit
  • src/lib/paraglide/messages.json (en-US + 13 locales) — add fleet_category_surface_base and any chip / breadcrumb strings (initial locales = en-US; other 13 land via existing translation pipeline)
  • /fleet route — add surface-base to the category query param + filter render
  • ADR-002 (data shape) — if it enumerates categories explicitly, note the addition

Slice order

Slice 0 (foundation) — `surface-base` category wiring (schema + fleet index + /fleet UI filter + i18n label keys for en-US)

Slice 1 (architecture resets PR) —
  · update artemis3 entry → demoted to LEO HLS-rendezvous demo
  · add missions: artemis4 · artemis5 · lunar-surface-base-buildup · sr1-freedom
  · add fleet: sls-block-1b · starship-hls · blue-moon-mk2 · sr1-freedom-asset · nasa-lunar-surface-base · lunar-reactor-1
  · update fleet: new-glenn (LC-36 incident note) · htv-x (PLANNED → ACTIVE) · starship (cross-link to HLS variant)
  · mark Mars Sample Return + Lunar Gateway HALO / I-Hab as cancelled / redirected (grep first to see what's there)

Slice 2 (China program block PR) —
  · add missions: cnsa-crewed-lunar-2030 · tianwen-3 · tianwen-4 · change-8 · shenzhou-23 · shenzhou-24 · tiangong-expansion-program · ilrs-basic-station
  · add fleet: long-march-10 · long-march-9 · mengzhou · lanyue · tansuo · wangyu · change-8-lander · tianwen-3-architecture · tianwen-4-asset · xuntian · ilrs-basic-station-asset
  · update fleet: tiangong (timeline events for 4th/5th/6th modules)

Slice 3 (newcomers + novel approaches PR) —
  · add missions: bharatiya-antariksh-station · chandrayaan-4 · dragonfly · lunar-cruiser-deployment · comet-interceptor · mbr-explorer · rashid-rover-2 · korean-lunar-lander · skyroot-vikram-1-maiden · vlm-1-maiden · vast-haven-1-station
  · add fleet: ngLV-soorya · kslv-iii · vikram-1 · vlm-1 · chandrayaan-4-architecture · korean-lunar-lander-asset · blue-ghost-2 · lunar-cruiser · dragonfly-rotorcraft · rashid-rover-2-asset · comet-interceptor-asset · mbr-explorer-asset · haven-1 · bas-01 · naro-space-center · alcantara

Slice 4 (Russia roadmap PR) —
  · add missions: ross-deployment
  · add fleet: orel · angara-a5 (family entry: A5 / A5M / A5P) · ross · vostochny-1a
  · (Luna 26 / 27 / 28 + Soyuz-5 + Venera-D + Yenisei optional follow-ups if Marko wants Russia coverage broader than ROSS)

Recommended PR order: Slice 0 → 1 → 2 → 3 → 4. Slice 0 unblocks the new category; Slice 1 unblocks all cross-references to the architecture pivots; Slices 2–4 are independent program-family adds.

Time-box note: each program-family slice is one PR + one rebase pass + one preflight cycle. Estimate ~1 day each given the editorial care needed for credit strings, link curation, i18n key drops. The full v0.8 content track = ~5 working days of slice work plus this prep doc + i18n catch-up.

Done definition

Per-slice (1 / 2 / 3 / 4)

  • All new mission and fleet entries land as proper JSON under static/data/missions/{body}/{id}.json and static/data/fleet/{category}/{id}.json
  • Every entry has: id, name, agency, country, status, first_flight (null if not yet flown), best_known_for, credit (1–2 sentences, sourced), at least 3 links (Wikipedia / official program / supporting trade press), linked_missions cross-refs where applicable
  • static/data/missions/index.json + static/data/fleet/index.json updated
  • npm run validate-data green (schemas pass, no orphan refs, all cross-link IDs resolve)
  • en-US strings authored for every user-visible field; other 13 locales accept TODO placeholder or empty-loader-fallback per PRD-007 contract
  • npm run preflight green (typecheck + lint + test + validate-data + build)
  • Per-entry image/provenance work deferred — these can ship with credit placeholders and image-pipeline catch-up in a follow-up wave (don't block content adds on imagery)

v0.8 release acceptance bar

  • All 4 slice PRs merged
  • docs/research/forward-roadmap-2026-06-09.md kept as the source-of-truth research backlog (don't delete)
  • This PRD's status moves from "Draft (prep for v0.8)" to "Accepted (v0.8)"
  • /missions and /fleet routes both surface the new entries with working filter chips (surface-base filter chip live)
  • ≥ 1 entry per agency in {NASA, SpaceX, Blue Origin, CNSA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, ISRO, UAE, KARI, AEB} is represented on the page

Out of scope (v0.8)

  • The remaining ~75 entries enumerated in docs/research/forward-roadmap-2026-06-09.md (CLPS deliveries, full Russia launcher family, ESA observatories beyond Comet Interceptor, all commercial LEO stations, 2026 launcher debut wave). These are deferred to v0.9+ with the research doc as the backlog.
  • Image curation / image-vision scoring for the new entries — landed via the existing Image Pipeline v2 cycle after content adds, not gated on this PRD.
  • Full surface-base 3D rendering on /moon and future /mars surface routes — separate scope (PRD-009 / PRD-006 extension), foreshadowed by this PRD's data but not implemented here.
  • Cross-link from /science articles to the new fleet entries — separate editorial wave under PRD-008.
  • Locale propagation to non-en-US for the new strings — picks up via the standard translation pipeline (Wave-23 or its successor), not blocked on per-slice merges.
  • Roadmap revisions: this PRD's date stamp is 2026-06-09. Anything that shifts before the v0.8 cut (e.g., a confirmed Artemis III crew name announced today, a Tianwen-2 sample-cache event, an Artemis IV HLS provider decision) lands as an in-slice edit, not a separate PRD bump.

Risks

  • Date drift. The research dates were accurate at compile time but most are moving targets. Recommend recheck of every "NET 2026 / 2027" date at slice-start time; flag any that have slipped > 6 months in the entry's credit field rather than silently shipping an obsolete date.
  • Newcomer entries with thin English-language sourcing. Vikram-1, VLM-1, Korean Lunar Lander, MBR Explorer's lander sub-element all have thinner public-source coverage than the NASA / SpaceX side. Per AGENTS.md / project memory ("Orrery celebrates global space programs, not just NASA"), the editorial bar is the same — accept that the credit strings may need to lean on agency press releases in source language + machine translation rather than Wikipedia.
  • Architecture re-resets between PRD draft and v0.8 cut. NASA's Feb 2026 reset is unlikely to be the last. If a major pivot lands during slice work (e.g., Artemis IV HLS provider firmed up, ROSS dependent on funded NEM hardware), the affected slice's entries get edited in-flight, not deferred.
  • Surface-base category cold-start. It's the first new fleet category since v0.6's launcher / launch-site separation. Schema + filter UI + i18n key drops + ADR-002 pointer all need to be coherent before slice 1 references it. Slice 0 is the explicit guard against this.
  • surface-basestation ambiguity for ILRS. ILRS phase-1 is robotic-precursor (basically a fleet of landers); phase-2 is multi-module habitat. Entry name + description must be clear it's a program, not an attempt to model the final base as the v0.8 entity. Same caveat applies to NASA Lunar Surface Base.

Source-of-truth backlog

Full per-agency research (citations + confidence per entry): docs/research/forward-roadmap-2026-06-09.md. Compiled 2026-06-09 from 5 parallel research passes. Use as the slice-time reference for entry copy (best_known_for, credit, links); do not re-derive content from training-data memory at slice time, since these missions are too current for cached knowledge.

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