[
  {
    "id": "mars2",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "ROSCOSMOS",
    "nation": "USSR",
    "year": 1971,
    "landing_date": "1971-11-27",
    "lat": -45,
    "lon": 313,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": -45.5,
      "lat_max": -44.5,
      "lon_min": 312.5,
      "lon_max": 313.5
    },
    "region_kind": "landing_ellipse",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "CRASHED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "partial",
    "credit": "© Soviet Academy of Sciences (historical) — landing site approximate, NSSDCA catalogue.",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "mars-2",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      },
      {
        "id": "mars2-orbiter",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Mars 2 — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_2",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Марс-2 — русская Википедия",
        "u": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81-2",
        "t": "core"
      },
      {
        "l": "Mars 2 — NASA NSSDCA",
        "u": "https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-045A",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "mars3",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "ROSCOSMOS",
    "nation": "USSR",
    "year": 1971,
    "landing_date": "1971-12-02",
    "lat": -45.05,
    "lon": 202,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": -45.55,
      "lat_max": -44.55,
      "lon_min": 201.5,
      "lon_max": 202.5
    },
    "region_kind": "landing_ellipse",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "CRASHED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "surface_duration_days": 0.00016,
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "partial",
    "credit": "© Soviet Academy of Sciences — first soft landing on Mars; transmitted ~14.5 s before signal loss. Coordinates: NSSDCA.",
    "mission_id": "mars3",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "mars-3",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Mars 3 — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_3",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Марс-3 — русская Википедия",
        "u": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81-3",
        "t": "core"
      },
      {
        "l": "Mars 3 — NASA NSSDCA",
        "u": "https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-049C",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "_lat_note": "Original prediction lat=-45; nudged to -45.05 to land inside the ESP_031036_1345 candidate-hardware HiRISE image (which covers -45.001 to -45.114). Within the documented ±10 km uncertainty."
  },
  {
    "id": "mars6",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "ROSCOSMOS",
    "nation": "USSR",
    "year": 1974,
    "landing_date": "1974-03-12",
    "lat": -23.9,
    "lon": -19.4,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": -24.4,
      "lat_max": -23.4,
      "lon_min": -19.9,
      "lon_max": -18.9
    },
    "region_kind": "landing_ellipse",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "LOST",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "partial",
    "credit": "© Soviet Academy of Sciences — communications lost during atmospheric descent; first telemetry from a Mars lander. Coordinates: NSSDCA.",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Mars 6 — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_6",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Марс-6 — русская Википедия",
        "u": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81-6",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "mars6",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "viking1-lander",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 1976,
    "landing_date": "1976-07-20",
    "lat": 22.4856,
    "lon": 312.0228,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": 22.3,
      "lat_max": 22.65,
      "lon_min": 311.85,
      "lon_max": 312.2
    },
    "region_kind": "landing_ellipse",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "surface_duration_days": 2245,
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA / Viking Project — Chryse Planitia landing site, NASA Planetary Data System.",
    "mission_id": "viking1",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "viking-1",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Viking program — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_program",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Viking 1 — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/viking-1/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "viking2-lander",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 1976,
    "landing_date": "1976-09-03",
    "lat": 47.673,
    "lon": 134.3,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": 47.52,
      "lat_max": 47.82,
      "lon_min": 134.15,
      "lon_max": 134.45
    },
    "region_kind": "landing_ellipse",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "surface_duration_days": 1281,
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA / Viking Project — Utopia Planitia landing site.",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "viking-1",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      },
      {
        "id": "viking2-lander",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Viking 2 — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_2",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Viking 2 — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/viking-2/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "mars-pathfinder",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 1997,
    "landing_date": "1997-07-04",
    "lat": 19.0949,
    "lon": 326.7773,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": 19.08,
      "lat_max": 19.11,
      "lon_min": 326.76,
      "lon_max": 326.8
    },
    "region_kind": "traverse_bbox",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "surface_duration_days": 85,
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL-Caltech — Ares Vallis landing site; deployed Sojourner rover.",
    "mission_id": "mars-pathfinder",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "sojourner",
        "role": "payload"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Mars Pathfinder — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Pathfinder",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Mars Pathfinder — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/mars-pathfinder/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "beagle2",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "ESA",
    "nation": "Europe",
    "year": 2003,
    "landing_date": "2003-12-25",
    "lat": 11.53,
    "lon": 90.43,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": 11.45,
      "lat_max": 11.61,
      "lon_min": 90.35,
      "lon_max": 90.51
    },
    "region_kind": "landing_ellipse",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "LOST",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "partial",
    "credit": "© ESA / UK Space Agency — UK-led lander aboard Mars Express. Wreckage located in 2015 by NASA's MRO/HiRISE imaging at Isidis Planitia.",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Beagle 2 — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beagle_2",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Beagle 2 found — ESA news",
        "u": "https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Beagle-2_lander_found_on_Mars",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "beagle2",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "spirit",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 2004,
    "landing_date": "2004-01-04",
    "lat": -14.57,
    "lon": 175.47,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": -14.65,
      "lat_max": -14.5,
      "lon_min": 175.4,
      "lon_max": 175.55
    },
    "region_kind": "traverse_bbox",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "surface_duration_days": 2208,
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL-Caltech — Gusev Crater landing site; rover stuck 2009, last contact 2010.",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "spirit",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Spirit — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit_(rover)",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "MER — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/mars-exploration-rovers-spirit-and-opportunity/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "opportunity",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 2004,
    "landing_date": "2004-01-25",
    "lat": -1.95,
    "lon": -5.53,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": -2.35,
      "lat_max": -1.85,
      "lon_min": -5.8,
      "lon_max": -5.3
    },
    "region_kind": "traverse_bbox",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "surface_duration_days": 5352,
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL-Caltech — Meridiani Planum landing site; 45.16 km traverse total. Last contact during 2018 global dust storm.",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "opportunity",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Opportunity — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunity_(rover)",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Opportunity end-of-mission — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/mars-exploration-rovers-spirit-and-opportunity/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "phoenix",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 2008,
    "landing_date": "2008-05-25",
    "lat": 68.22,
    "lon": -125.7,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": 67.92,
      "lat_max": 68.52,
      "lon_min": -126.1,
      "lon_max": -125.3
    },
    "region_kind": "landing_ellipse",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "surface_duration_days": 157,
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL/U. of Arizona — northern polar plain; first to confirm subsurface water ice on Mars.",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "phoenix",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Phoenix lander — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(spacecraft)",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Phoenix — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/phoenix/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "curiosity",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 2012,
    "landing_date": "2012-08-06",
    "lat": -4.59,
    "lon": 137.44,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": -4.7,
      "lat_max": -4.5,
      "lon_min": 137.35,
      "lon_max": 137.55
    },
    "region_kind": "traverse_bbox",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ACTIVE",
    "surface_status": "ongoing",
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL-Caltech — Gale Crater landing site; nuclear-powered rover (RTG), still operational.",
    "mission_id": "curiosity",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "curiosity",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Curiosity rover — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curiosity_(rover)",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "MSL — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/msl-curiosity/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "schiaparelli",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "ESA",
    "nation": "Europe",
    "year": 2016,
    "landing_date": "2016-10-19",
    "lat": -2.07,
    "lon": -6.21,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": -2.15,
      "lat_max": -1.99,
      "lon_min": -6.29,
      "lon_max": -6.13
    },
    "region_kind": "landing_ellipse",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "CRASHED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "partial",
    "credit": "© ESA / Roscosmos — ExoMars 2016 EDM. Premature parachute release caused free-fall impact at Meridiani Planum.",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "schiaparelli",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Schiaparelli EDM — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schiaparelli_EDM",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Schiaparelli — ESA",
        "u": "https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Exploration/ExoMars/ExoMars_Factsheet",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "insight",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 2018,
    "landing_date": "2018-11-26",
    "lat": 4.5,
    "lon": 135.62,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": 4.1,
      "lat_max": 4.9,
      "lon_min": 135.27,
      "lon_max": 135.97
    },
    "region_kind": "landing_ellipse",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "surface_duration_days": 1440,
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL-Caltech — Elysium Planitia landing site; first dedicated seismograph on Mars.",
    "mission_id": "insight",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "insight",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "InSight — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InSight",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "InSight — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/insight/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "perseverance",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 2021,
    "landing_date": "2021-02-18",
    "lat": 18.44,
    "lon": 77.45,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": 18.3,
      "lat_max": 18.55,
      "lon_min": 77.3,
      "lon_max": 77.6
    },
    "region_kind": "traverse_bbox",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ACTIVE",
    "surface_status": "ongoing",
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL-Caltech — Jezero Crater landing site; carries the Ingenuity helicopter (88 flights, retired Jan 2024).",
    "mission_id": "perseverance",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "perseverance",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Perseverance — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perseverance_(rover)",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Mars 2020 — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/mars-2020-perseverance/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "zhurong",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "CNSA",
    "nation": "China",
    "year": 2021,
    "landing_date": "2021-05-14",
    "lat": 25.066,
    "lon": 109.925,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": 25.03,
      "lat_max": 25.07,
      "lon_min": 109.915,
      "lon_max": 109.935
    },
    "region_kind": "traverse_bbox",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "surface_duration_days": 358,
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© CNSA / China National Space Administration — Utopia Planitia landing site of Tianwen-1 lander + Zhurong rover.",
    "mission_id": "tianwen1",
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "zhurong",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ],
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Zhurong rover — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhurong_(rover)",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "祝融号火星车 — 中文维基百科",
        "u": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E8%9E%8D%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A6",
        "t": "core"
      },
      {
        "l": "Tianwen-1 — Nature",
        "u": "https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01357-5",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "exomars-rosalind-franklin",
    "kind": "surface",
    "agency": "ESA",
    "nation": "Europe",
    "year": 2028,
    "lat": 18.2,
    "lon": -35.05,
    "region_bounds": {
      "lat_min": 17.5,
      "lat_max": 18.9,
      "lon_min": -35.7,
      "lon_max": -34.4
    },
    "region_kind": "roi_quad",
    "crewed": false,
    "status": "PLANNED",
    "surface_status": "planned",
    "samples_kg": 0,
    "data_quality": "partial",
    "credit": "© ESA / NASA — Oxia Planum target site for the Rosalind Franklin rover; launch planned 2028 after the 2022 cancellation of Russian collaboration.",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Rosalind Franklin rover — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin_(rover)",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "ExoMars — ESA",
        "u": "https://exploration.esa.int/web/mars/-/45084-exomars-rover",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "exomars-rosalind-franklin",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "mariner9",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 1971,
    "altitude_km": 1394,
    "inclination_deg": 64.4,
    "eccentricity": 0.6,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL — first spacecraft to orbit another planet; 7,329 images returned in 1971-72.",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Mariner 9 — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariner_9",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Mariner 9 — NASA NSSDCA",
        "u": "https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-051A",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "mariner-9",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "mars3-orbiter",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "ROSCOSMOS",
    "nation": "USSR",
    "year": 1971,
    "altitude_km": 1500,
    "inclination_deg": 60,
    "eccentricity": 0.985,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "data_quality": "partial",
    "credit": "© Soviet Academy of Sciences — orbiter component of Mars 3 mission, returned data through 1972.",
    "mission_id": "mars3",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Mars 3 orbiter — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_3",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Марс-3 — русская Википедия",
        "u": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81-3",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "mars3-orbiter",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "viking1-orbiter",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 1976,
    "altitude_km": 1500,
    "inclination_deg": 39.3,
    "eccentricity": 0.91,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA / Viking Project — orbiter operated through 1980, 50,000+ images returned.",
    "mission_id": "viking1",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Viking program — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_program",
        "t": "intro"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "viking1-orbiter",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "mars-odyssey",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 2001,
    "altitude_km": 400,
    "inclination_deg": 93.06,
    "eccentricity": 0.0091,
    "status": "ACTIVE",
    "surface_status": "ongoing",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL-Caltech — longest continuously-active spacecraft in orbit around another planet (since 2001).",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Mars Odyssey — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Mars_Odyssey",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Mars Odyssey — NASA",
        "u": "https://mars.nasa.gov/odyssey/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "mars-odyssey",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "mars-express",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "ESA",
    "nation": "Europe",
    "year": 2003,
    "altitude_km": 250,
    "inclination_deg": 86.9,
    "eccentricity": 0.94,
    "status": "ACTIVE",
    "surface_status": "ongoing",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© ESA — first European interplanetary mission; carried Beagle 2; HRSC stereo camera maps Martian topography.",
    "mission_id": "mars-express",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Mars Express — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Express",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Mars Express — ESA",
        "u": "https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Mars_Express",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "mars-express",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "mro",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 2006,
    "altitude_km": 255,
    "inclination_deg": 92.65,
    "eccentricity": 0.011,
    "status": "ACTIVE",
    "surface_status": "ongoing",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/JPL-Caltech — Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter; HiRISE camera resolves objects ≥30 cm on the surface (used to find Beagle 2's wreckage).",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "MRO — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "MRO — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/mars-reconnaissance-orbiter/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "mro",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "maven",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "NASA",
    "nation": "USA",
    "year": 2014,
    "altitude_km": 150,
    "inclination_deg": 75,
    "eccentricity": 0.69,
    "status": "ACTIVE",
    "surface_status": "ongoing",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© NASA/U. Colorado/LASP — Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN; studies how Mars lost its atmosphere to space.",
    "mission_id": "maven",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "MAVEN — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAVEN",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "MAVEN — NASA",
        "u": "https://science.nasa.gov/mission/maven/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "mangalyaan",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "ISRO",
    "nation": "India",
    "year": 2014,
    "altitude_km": 372,
    "inclination_deg": 150,
    "eccentricity": 0.916,
    "status": "ENDED",
    "surface_status": "completed",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© ISRO — India's first interplanetary mission; first Asian spacecraft to reach Mars orbit on a maiden attempt. Lost contact April 2022.",
    "mission_id": "mangalyaan",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Mars Orbiter Mission — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Orbiter_Mission",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "MOM — ISRO",
        "u": "https://www.isro.gov.in/MarsOrbiterMissionSpacecraft.html",
        "t": "core"
      },
      {
        "l": "मंगलयान — हिन्दी विकिपीडिया",
        "u": "https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ],
    "fleet_refs": [
      {
        "id": "mangalyaan",
        "role": "spacecraft"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "tgo",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "ESA",
    "nation": "Europe",
    "year": 2016,
    "altitude_km": 400,
    "inclination_deg": 74,
    "eccentricity": 0,
    "status": "ACTIVE",
    "surface_status": "ongoing",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© ESA / Roscosmos — ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter; characterises atmospheric methane and other trace gases.",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExoMars_Trace_Gas_Orbiter",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "TGO — ESA",
        "u": "https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Exploration/ExoMars/Trace_Gas_Orbiter_instruments",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "tianwen1-orbiter",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "CNSA",
    "nation": "China",
    "year": 2021,
    "altitude_km": 265,
    "inclination_deg": 87,
    "eccentricity": 0.96,
    "status": "ACTIVE",
    "surface_status": "ongoing",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© CNSA — orbiter component of Tianwen-1; relays Zhurong telemetry, conducts global imaging and radar mapping.",
    "mission_id": "tianwen1",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Tianwen-1 — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianwen-1",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "国家航天局 (CNSA, English)",
        "u": "https://www.cnsa.gov.cn/english/",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "天问一号 — 中文维基百科",
        "u": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%95%8F%E4%B8%80%E8%99%9F",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "hope",
    "kind": "orbiter",
    "agency": "UAESA",
    "nation": "UAE",
    "year": 2021,
    "altitude_km": 20000,
    "inclination_deg": 25,
    "eccentricity": 0.366,
    "status": "ACTIVE",
    "surface_status": "ongoing",
    "data_quality": "good",
    "credit": "© Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre / UAE Space Agency — first Arab interplanetary mission; one-Mars-day equatorial coverage.",
    "mission_id": "hope-probe",
    "links": [
      {
        "l": "Emirates Mars Mission — Wikipedia",
        "u": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emirates_Mars_Mission",
        "t": "intro"
      },
      {
        "l": "Hope — MBRSC",
        "u": "https://www.mbrsc.ae/",
        "t": "core"
      }
    ]
  }
]